Under a historic agreement
announced today,
the electricity used by the more than 230 million set-top boxes
installed in America’s homes by your cable, satellite, or telephone
company will be slashed by 10 to 45 percent, depending on the model, and
save consumers a whopping $1 billion annually. The signatories
include NRDC and
other energy efficiency advocacy groups, along with companies in the
pay-TV industry that include such household names as Comcast, Time
Warner Cable, DIRECTV, AT&T, and Motorola.
The agreement caps a year of negotiations between the pay-TV industry
and efficiency advocates and is great news for consumers and the
environment because it will save three power plants’ worth of
electricity – and 5 million metric tons of carbon pollution that
contributes to climate change -- every year by 2017.
And beginning January 1, America’s 90 million pay-TV subscribers for
the first time will be able to easily find out how much electricity
their set-top box uses and be ensured a wide range of more efficient
models to choose from in the future.
How Did We Get Here?
NRDC and its consultant Ecova published
an indepth study in
2011 of the energy consumption of set-top boxes and found these devices
consumed at least $3 billion worth of electricity annually, much of it
when the box is turned “off” and the user is neither watching nor
recording a show. Consumers have little choice regarding the set-top box
placed in their home because the service provider owns the box and
decides which one to install. As a result, the pay-TV providers until
recently paid little attention to how much energy the boxes wasted
because they weren’t paying the electric bills. But NRDC’s extensive
advocacy attracted wide media attention, including on the front page of
the New York Times, which generated interest by policymakers including
Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-CA, and the Department of Energy. Since then
the industry has been hard at work and has made substantial improvements
to their devices.
Given their renewed focus on energy efficiency, industry reached out
to NRDC and other efficiency advocates last year to discuss a potential
agreement where the service providers would make several commitments,
most notably to procure more energy efficient boxes in the future. After
a yearlong negotiation, we got to “yes” and the service providers, box
manufacturers, and advocates signed today’s agreement. This is a great
development and the details are provided below.
What commitments is industry making?
Future Purchases – At least 90% of the
boxes purchased annually by the service providers will meet maximum
allowable energy use limits. The levels vary based on the set-top box’s
features. For example, Digital Video Recorders (DVRs) have higher
allowances than a basic box. Beginning in 2014, 90 percent of the boxes
the service providers purchase will meet the energy use levels in the
Environmental Protection Agency’ s ENERGY STAR® Version 3.0
specification. By 2017, 90 percent of the purchases must meet a more
stringent set of negotiated energy levels called Tier 2, which represent
savings of 10 to 45%, depending on the type of model, compared to a
2012 baseline.
Getting Cable Boxes to Sleep – The cable
industry committed to installing a light sleep function in their DVRs,
which will save around 5 to 7 watts of power by spinning down the hard
drive and related features when the user is not watching or recording a
show. Longer term, the cable industry will develop prototype boxes that
will offer “deep sleep” and consume much lower levels of power when not
in use. The prototypes will be field tested in 2014 and deployed in the
future if the testing is successful.
Satellite to Provide Energy Efficient Whole Home Solutions –
The satellite companies, Dish Network and DIRECTV committed to make
available energy efficient whole home DVRs that are connected to the
main TV and can provide both live and recorded programming to all the
household’s televisions. As a result, second and third TVs will only
require a much lower energy-consuming “thin client” box, instead of a
DVR or standard receiver box. We are optimistic that cable will offer
similar systems in the future.
Energy Use Disclosures – It’s very
difficult for today’s consumers to find out how much energy their
set-top box uses or for prospective customers to make an informed
decision when shopping for service. Beginning in 2014, the service
providers will post on their websites readily accessible information on
the energy use of each of the new set-top boxes they offer customers.
This means that for the first time, consumers will be able to identify
the more efficient models, and just as importantly those that consume
much higher amounts of energy. We hope increased availability of this
information will lead to healthy competition between service providers,
who will then demand more efficient designs from suppliers.
In addition, the agreement’s Steering Committee, which NRDC is a
voting member of, will publish an annual report that lists all new
models and their energy use, as well as an updated annual estimate of
national set-top box energy consumption. That way everyone can track how
well the voluntary agreement is working and how national set-top box
energy use is changing each year.
Field Verification – Every year an
independent firm will test set-top boxes in 100 homes to ensure they are
performing as promised regarding energy use. The results will be
included in the public annual report.
Why a voluntary agreement for set-top boxes and how will it work?
Set-top boxes represent an unusual market. Their energy use depends
upon three factors: a) the design of the box, b) how the service
provider deploys it (for example, do they disable selected
energy-savings features prior to installation?), and c) the software at
the service provider’s end. Given that these devices are essentially
part of a system, and the fact that a small group of companies control
the purchase of all the boxes sold nationwide, efficiency advocates such
as NRDC, the
Appliance Standards Awareness Project, and the
American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy
(ACEEE) believed faster progress could be made through a meaningful
voluntary agreement with the industry than through minimum efficiency
regulations set by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) or state agencies
like the California Energy Commission (CEC).
The efficiency advocates have voting seats on the agreement’s
Steering Committee and can closely monitor the progress being made. If
industry fails to meet its commitments, we will ask the federal and
state agencies to restart their proceedings to develop efficiency
requirements for these products.
Here I’d like to also note
that DOE and CEC have a 30-plus-years track record of setting mandatory
energy efficiency standards that have saved consumers hundreds of
billions of dollars, and mandatory standards continue to be the most
effective way to lock in energy savings for almost all other product
categories.
Today’s voluntary agreement is an important first step to reducing
national set-top box energy use. We hope it will not only translate to
near-term savings, but the next-generation boxes and their associated
new features will be designed to be efficient from the start -- and not
erode much of the hard-earned energy savings that this agreement is
designed to deliver.